Stuff Mixture...: 2019

Oil in water emulsion

Definition:

-Oil water emulsion is defined as the oil is dispersed into the water. The emulsion is known as the oil in water emulsion.

Characteristic of Water in Oil Emulsion:

-In oil in water emulsion oil is the in form of the droplets which is known as the dispersed phase or the internal phase.

-While the water is the continuous phase which also known as the external phase. As water is the continuous phase they are miscible with the water. One can say that Oil in water is water loving emulsion.

-Emulsifiers help to pack the oil droplets into the water. Emulsifier required making the emulsion stable.

Example:

Lotion, Mayonnaise, Milk are the example of the oil in water emulsion, Vanishing cream

Vesicular Transport

Definition:

Vesicle transport is defined as the transport of the material in form of the vesicle in a different cell of the body.

Characteristics of Vesicular Transport:

- Vesicular transport normally transfers the macromolecule. A vesicle is formed and it transports the material from one side two other sides. the material transfer may be liquid or the solid.

- Vesicular transport the energy for the movement of the molecules. The energy is supplied by the ATP.

-Vesicular transport may import the material into the cell or release the material from the cells.

- Through the vesicular transport, the molecule transport across the cell but not through the membrane. the vesicle is formed which fuse with the plasma membrane and material is moved inside or outside.

- The vesicle formed inside the cell in both where molecule transport inside or outside the cell.

- The shape of the vesicle is large it may the spherical large and irregular

Classification of vesicle transport

Depend on the movement of the vesicle classified into two types:

1.Endocytosis

2. Exocytosis

Factor affecting the rate of Diffusion Biology

Diffusion is the process in which molecule move toward the higher concentration The rate of diffusion may depend on the several factors.

Following are the different factors which may affect the rate of diffusion.

Membrane thickness:

The less the membrane thickness the diffusion rate is higher as the molecule easily pass through the membrane.

Temperature:

Increase into the temperature increase the diffusion rate of the process. If body temperature is high then the all the process into the body which happens due to the diffusion is high.

Concentration gradient:

The greater the concentration difference between two sides. The higher the diffusion rate.

Surface Area:

The larger the surface area of the membrane the higher the diffusion rate.

Distance:

Distance is one of the important parameters which decides the diffusion rate. The more the distance the less the diffusion rate.

Size of the Molecule:

The smaller particle diffuses the more rapid than the larger particle. As the small particle by diffuse easily through the cell membrane than the large molecules.

Related Post:
Vesicular Transport

Passive Transport in Biology: Definition and Example

Definition:

-Passive transport is defined as the movement of molecule which does not require the energy for the process.

-In Passive transport molecule transport along with the concentration gradient. In Passive transport molecule transfer to high concentration to low concentration.

-Passive diffusion the molecule transport till the equilibrium at both sides achieved.

-Passive diffusion is rapid process.

-Small non polar molecule transport through the Passive transport.

Following are the types of Passive transport

Types of Passive transport :

1. Diffusion

2. Facilitated Diffusion

3. Osmosis

4. Filtration

Example of Passive transport:

-Movement of glucose molecule into the body is the example of the Passive transport. Glucose molecule

-The movement of the gases (Oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the outside environment and the lungs. Movement of the gases between the lungs and the blood.All movement is the example of the Passive transport. Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide is the best example of the passive transport and the diffusion

Active transport vs passive transport

Active transport and Passive Transport are the processes by which molecule transport across the membrane. The main difference between the Active transport and passive transports required energy to occur the process and concentration gradient.

	Active transport	Passive transport
requirement of energy	Active transport requires the energy to movement of the molecule.	Passive transport does not require the energy.
concentration	Active transport happens against the concentration gradient.	Passive transport happens along with the concern gradient.
Example	Endocytosis , Exocytosis and sodium-potassium pump	facilitated transport, diffusion, and osmosis.
Molecule transport	Active transport pass the large molecule against the concentration gradient	Passive transport pass He small molecule along with concern
Selectivity	Active transport is highly selective.	Passive transport is not selective
Inhibition	Metabolic inhibitor may inhibit the active transport	Metabolic inhibitor does not affect the passive transport.
Speed	Active transport is rapid process.	Passive transport is a slow process.

difference between Haemoglobin and Myoglobin

Haemoglobin and the myoglobin are two molecules in our body which carry the oxygen in our body. But there so many difference between the Haemoglobin and myoglobin. There is physical and the chemical difference between the Haemoglobin and myoglobin.

Following the difference between the Haemoglobin and the Myoglobin

	Haemoglobin	Myoglobin
Nature	Haemoglobin contain four polypeptide chain	Myoglobin is single polypeptide chain.
Structure	It has tetramer Structure.	It has monomer structure.
Binding	Haemoglobin bind with four oxygen molecules	Myoglobin bind with only single Molecule
Binding affinity	Haemoglobin have high affinity to bind with oxygen (Tightly bind with the oxygen)	Myoglobin have less affinity to bind with oxygen
Availability	Haemoglobin found in blood	Myoglobin found in muscles.
Function	Haemoglobin provide the oxygen to the every cell of the body,	Myoglobin provide the oxygen to the muscles cells.
Known as	Hb	Mb

Endocytosis: Types of Vesicle transport

Definition:

Endocytosis is defined as the process in which the molecule transports into the in form of vesicles.

Endocytosis is the process in which the vesicular is formed and it supplies the material inside the cells.

The large molecule transfer into the cell via the endocytosis process. The molecules or the material which can not be transferred into the cell through the cell membrane that type of material transport into the cell by the endocytosis.

The plasma membrane folds inside the plasma membrane and form the hollow space which fills by the fluid or the material which needs to transport inside the cell.

Definition of Hematocrit

Definition of Hematocrit:

-The percentage of total blood volume occupied by the red blood cells is called as the hematocrit.

-The hematocrit is expressed as a percentage.

- The normal range of hematocrit in adult male is around 40 to 54 % while in adult female is around 38 to 46 %.

-If Hematocrit lower than the normal range it indicates the anaemia. While Hematocrit is higher than the normal range it indicates the condition known as Polycythemia.

Related Post:

Red blood cells definition and characteristic

Function of red blood cell

Types of blood cell

Main function of blood

Composition of Red blood cells
Difference between Haemoglobin and Myoglobin

Characteristic of blood

Red blood cells (erythrocytes): definition and characteristic

Definition of Red blood cell (erythrocytes):

Red blood cell is defined as the concave shape blood cells which are responsible to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide gases into the cells.

Characteristic of Red blood cells:

-Red blood cells are the concave disk by the shape.

-Red blood cell disk has diameter of approximately 6 to 8 um (Micrometer).

-Red blood cells are the flexible and mature cell does not have a nucleus.

-The shelf life of the RBC is 100 to 120 days. Red blood cell contains 40 to 45 % part of the cells in the blood.

-Red blood cell contains the haemoglobin which is responsible for transport the oxygen to the different cell of the body from the lungs.

Each red blood cell contains about 280 million haemoglobin molecules.

-Haemoglobin made up of protein and iron. The protein is called as globin. Globin protein contains four polypeptide chain. And the iron metal part of the molecule is known as heme so combine molecule is known as the Haemoglobin.

- Red blood cells are tare as it passes through the thin capillaries as red blood cells are squeezed into the capillaries

Related post:

Definition of Hematocrit

Function of red blood cell

Types of blood cell

Main function of blood

Composition of Red blood cells

Function of Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are the most important cells of the body which have so many functions in our body.

Following are the function of the red blood cells

-The main function of the red blood cell is to carry the oxygen to the different cell of the body from the lungs. It also carries the carbon dioxide to the lungs. Vein carry out the deoxygenated blood while the artery always carries out the oxygenated blood.

-Red blood cell contains the haemoglobin which regulates the blood pressure into the body.

- Under some circumstances, Haemoglobin release the nitrogen oxide which is a gaseous hormone.Then release of nitrogen oxide cause the vasodilatation.

- Dysfunction of the RBC causes the Anaemia.

Related Post :

Definition of Hematocrit

Red blood cells definition and characteristic

Types of blood cell

Main function of blood

Composition of Red blood cells

Characteristic of blood

What is the composition of blood (Component of Blood)

Composition of Blood:

Blood has two components

1.Blood Plasma

2.Blood cells

Blood Plasma:

-Blood Plasma is liquid matrix available in blood. It contains the dissolved substance in it.

-55 % of blood is made up of Blood Plasma.

-Blood plasma is made up of around 91 % of water and around 9 % of solutes.

The solutes are the protein, Electrolytes, Nutrients, gases and waste products.

Blood Cells:

-Blood cells and its fragments are the elements of the blood. when blood gets centrifuge in tube all cells and its fragments settle down at the bottom of the tube.

-45 % of blood is made up of Blood cells.

-Mainly 03 types of blood cells are present on blood

1. Red Blood cells

2. White blood cells

3. Platelets

Related post:

Definition of Hematocrit

Red blood cells definition and characteristic

Function of red blood cell

Types of blood cell

Main function of blood

Characteristic of blood